Lesson 9

Not many years ago, reporters used to type in typewriters, today, many people have computers in their homes. Most people are going to have personal computers at home in the next few years.

A century ago, women wore long dresses, right now, they wear very short tops showing their navel Piercing.

About 100 years ago, men wore knit swimsuits. In a near future, men worldwide are probably going to show off their latest daring swimwear on the beach.

In the past, people used to travel many miles a day by horse and carriage. Nowadays, we can drive modern air conditioned cars to get to our destination really fast.

Time contrast

Past

In the past, not many people lived in this town

People used to shop in Grocery stores.

A hundred years ago people lived around forty.

Present

These days, population is growing fast around here.

Today people shop at malls

Nowadays people live to about seventy

Future  

Soon there will be a lot of buildings

In a few years, people might buy groceries from their refrigerator

In the future, people are going live even longer.

Useful verbs

Present tense	Past tense	Past Participle	Gerund
Drive	Drove	Driven	Driving
Feel	Felt	Felt	Feeling
Get	Got	Gotten	Getting
Go	Went	Gone	Going
Lose	Lost	Lost	Losing
Make	Made	Made	Making
Quit	Quitted	Quitted	Quitting
Sell	Sold	Sold	Selling
Use	Used	Used	Using
Buy	Bought	Bought	Buying

Conversation

Person 1: This neighborhood has changed a lot!

Person 2: What was it like before?

Person 1: Well, tehre used to be a grocery store right on that corner. It was pretty quiet. Not many people lived here.

Person 2: these days the population is growing really fast.

Person 1: Yeah. I guess they’ll tear down all these old buildings soon.  In a few years, there will be just malls and skyscrapers.

Person 2: That doesn’t sound too bad

Person 1: No, but I’ll miss the old days.

Nouns and adjective

Noun	Adjective
Energy	Energetic
Environment	Environmental
Danger	Dangerous
Health	Healthy
Medicine	Medical
Success	Successful

First conditional

First conditional is used to talk about actions/events in the future which are likely to happen or have a real possibility of happening. 

Possible situation	consequence
If I gain weight,	I won’t be able to fit into my clothes
If it rains,	I will stay at home.
If my clothes don’t fit,	I’ll have to buy new ones
If I get a job,	I may be able to save some money for a new laptop.

Conversation

Person 1: I’m feeling awful. I guess I have to stop smoking.

Person 2: I wonder why you haven’t quit yet.

Person 1: Because If I quit I will probably gain weight. And if that happens I won’t be able to fit into any of my clothes.

Person 2: A lot of people do, but you can always go on a diet.

Person 1: Oh no, I’m terrible at losing weight on diets. And if my clothes don’t fit, I’ll have to buy new ones. I’ll have to work extra hours and…

Person 2: Ok. Stop right there, listen I know it’s hard to quit, but not as hard as you think. Do you want to know how I did it?

Person 1: Well yeah I guess I have to do something.

Person 2: I managed to do it, so it can’t be that difficult. You should try nicotine gum. You chew it just like regular chewing gum and you won’t feel like smoking.

Person 1: Ok, I think it’s worth the try.

Common words and expressions

Brotherhood	Crowd
Purpose	Swollen
Fancy	Spokeperson
Vocal training	Next door
Freedom	Got it
Civilian	Day dreaming
Suddenly	Keep an eye on
The closest…	Jewelry
It depends on…	Priest